影像測(cè)量?jī)x技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)

  影像測(cè)量?jī)x一般由機(jī)械主體、標(biāo)尺系統(tǒng)、影像檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)、驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)和影像測(cè)量軟件組成，如下圖所示：

  1.機(jī)械主題⒉。 標(biāo)尺系統(tǒng) 3. 驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng) 4. 圖像檢測(cè)系統(tǒng) 5. 圖像測(cè)量軟件

  1.機(jī)械體

  機(jī)械主體是影像測(cè)量?jī)x的主要部分。 它由結(jié)構(gòu)型式、導(dǎo)軌和傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)組成。 為了平衡Z軸的重量，有時(shí)需要增加一個(gè)平衡組件。 結(jié)構(gòu)型式是影像測(cè)量?jī)x的主要組成部分，一般由工作臺(tái)、立柱或橋架、外殼等組成。 測(cè)量?jī)x器的工作臺(tái)在導(dǎo)軌上運(yùn)動(dòng)，導(dǎo)軌一般采用滾動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌、滑動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌或氣浮導(dǎo)軌。 傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)一般包括絲杠、光桿、齒形帶、齒條和小齒輪等不同形式。

 2.標(biāo)尺系統(tǒng)

  尺子。 系統(tǒng)是決定影像測(cè)量?jī)x精度的重要組成部分。 影像測(cè)量?jī)x的標(biāo)尺。 該系統(tǒng)一般使用光柵尺。 它是一種位移傳感器，有些測(cè)量?jī)x器還帶有數(shù)顯電氣裝置。

  3.圖像檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)

  圖像檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)是圖像測(cè)量?jī)x的關(guān)鍵部分。 它不同于普通的三坐標(biāo)測(cè)量機(jī)。 該系統(tǒng)安裝在機(jī)械主體的多個(gè)軸上，利用Z軸的上下運(yùn)動(dòng)來(lái)調(diào)整高度位置。 采集到的圖像數(shù)據(jù)的質(zhì)量直接影響圖像測(cè)量?jī)x的測(cè)量精度和重復(fù)性。 因此，圖像檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的作用不容忽視。

  圖像檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)一般由照明裝置、鏡頭、圖像傳感器、圖像采集卡等組成。 影像測(cè)量?jī)x一般提供三種照明方式：面光、輪廓光和同軸光。 影像測(cè)量?jī)x使用的鏡頭通常是單目顯微鏡鏡頭，成像倍率可以通過(guò)控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)。 圖像傳感器一般采用CCD（Charge Coupled Device），采集圖像并將其轉(zhuǎn)換為電子信號(hào)，傳輸?shù)綀D像采集卡進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步處理。

  4.驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)

  驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)是連接視頻測(cè)量?jī)x硬件和軟件的紐帶，是驅(qū)動(dòng)和控制視頻測(cè)量?jī)x運(yùn)動(dòng)的部分。 尤其是在自動(dòng)影像測(cè)量?jī)x中，包括電子、機(jī)械和光學(xué)元件等都需要使用電子控制。 驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)一般由驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)和一些控制板組成。 驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)提供動(dòng)力，控制板負(fù)責(zé)發(fā)送控制指令。 驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的主要功能包括：機(jī)器XYZ軸的運(yùn)動(dòng)控制，讀取XYZ軸的坐標(biāo)，控制鏡頭的變焦，調(diào)節(jié)光源的開關(guān)和亮度，監(jiān)控機(jī)器的狀態(tài)。 實(shí)時(shí)圖像測(cè)量?jī)x。

  5.圖像測(cè)量軟件

  圖像測(cè)量軟件可以根據(jù)輸入的工件圖像測(cè)量各種幾何量。 不同廠家的測(cè)量軟件開發(fā)思路不同，導(dǎo)致使用過(guò)程和功能不同。 但這些測(cè)量軟件應(yīng)該能夠滿足基本的測(cè)量功能，如幾何測(cè)量、圖像處理分析、自動(dòng)編程控制、機(jī)器控制等，以及統(tǒng)計(jì)分析等高級(jí)功能。 此外，測(cè)量軟件還應(yīng)該能夠輸入和輸出繪圖數(shù)據(jù)，輸出測(cè)量報(bào)告。 此外，一些廠商還可以根據(jù)客戶的需求提供特定的功能。 例如，天準(zhǔn)Vispec影像測(cè)量軟件可提供圖紙比對(duì)、全景掃描等功能，以及專為計(jì)量行業(yè)開發(fā)的測(cè)試篩自動(dòng)校準(zhǔn)、半徑模板自動(dòng)校準(zhǔn)等功能。 功能。

  影像測(cè)量?jī)x技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)信息由TTC影像測(cè)量?jī)x提供。英斯特力儀器是一家集研發(fā)、生產(chǎn)及銷售于一體的 影像測(cè)量?jī)x，拉力試驗(yàn)機(jī), 硬度計(jì) ,探傷儀, 粗糙度儀, 測(cè)厚儀, 金相設(shè)備廠家, 致力于為客戶提供更好的檢測(cè)儀器。

Basic structure of image measuring instrument technology foundation  

Image measuring instrument is generally composed of mechanical theme, scale system, image detection system, drive control system and image measurement software, as shown below:  

1. Mechanical Subject ⒉. Scale system 3. Drive control system 4. Image detection system 5.  Image measurement software  

1.  mechanical  

Mechanical main body is the main part of the image measuring instrument, composed of structure, guide rail and transmission mechanism, in order to balance the weight of the Z axis sometimes also need to add balance parts.  The structure is the main part of the image measuring instrument, which is generally composed of workbench, column or bridge frame and shell.  The table of the measuring instrument moves on the guide rail, which generally adopts rolling guide rail, sliding guide rail or air float guide rail.  Transmission mechanism generally includes lead screw, light bar, tooth belt, rack and pinion and other different forms.  

2. Scale system  

The system is an important part to determine the accuracy of image measuring instrument.  The scale of an image measuring instrument.  System - generally using grating ruler.  For displacement sensor, some measuring instrument also has digital display electrical device.  

3. Image detection system  

Image detection system is an image measuring instrument area.  Different from the key part of the ordinary coordinate measuring machine.  The system is mounted on several axes of the main body of the machine to adjust the height position by moving z-axis up and down.  The acquisition of image data directly affects the measurement accuracy and repeatability of the image measuring instrument.  Therefore, the role of image detection system can not be ignored.  

The image detection system generally consists of a lighting device, a leneserrata image sensor and an image acquisition card.  Image measuring instrument - provides surface light, contour light, coaxial light three illumination modes.  The lens used in an image measuring instrument is usually a single-purpose microscopic lens that can be controlled to adjust the magnification of the image.  CCD (Charge Coupled Device) is generally used as the image sensor. It collects images and converts them into electronic signals, which are sent to the image acquisition card for further processing.  

4.  Drive control system  

The driving control system is the link between the hardware and software of the image measuring instrument, and it is the part that pushes and controls the motion of the image measuring instrument.  Especially in the automatic image measuring instrument, including electronic, mechanical and optical components need to use electronic control.  The drive control system is generally composed of a drive motor and some control board cards. The drive motor provides power, and the control board cards are responsible for sending control commands.  The main functions of the drive control system include: the motion control of machine XYZ axis, the coordinate reading of XYZ axis, the multiplication control of the lens, the switch and brightness adjustment of the light source, the real-time monitoring of the state of the image measuring instrument, etc.  

5.  Image measurement software  

Image measurement software can measure various geometric quantities according to the input workpiece image.  Different manufacturers of measurement software development ideas are different, resulting in its use process, function are also different.  But these measurement software should be able to meet the basic measurement functions, such as geometric measurement, image processing and analysis, automatic programming control, machine control, and advanced functions such as statistical analysis.  In addition, the measurement software should also be able to input and output drawing data, output measurement reports.  In addition, some manufacturers can also provide specific functions according to customer needs, such as celestial alignment Vispec image measurement software can provide drawing comparison, panoramic scanning and other functions, as well as test screen automatic calibration, radius sample automatic calibration and other functions specially developed for the measurement industry.  

The basic structure information of image measuring instrument technology foundation is provided,TTC image measuring instrument preferred.